![]() ![]() If you subscribe to premium - $10 a month, or $40 annually - you'll get access to all the coloring pages, more color variations in the wheel and the option to use a blank canvas. On Lake's free tier, you get nine free coloring pages per day. It is made by artists that want to see affordable art tools for everyone. Lake sorts the coloring pages into artist collections, kids, abstract, animal, cities, feminist, portraits, mandalas for relaxation and satisfying symmetrical images. Krita is a professional FREE and open source painting program. The best online paint It works with any modern device, mobile, tablet or. You can stay on the app's dashboard and pick from free daily images or explore All Art in the toolbar. Also, the artist for each coloring page puts together an optional palette for you to use if you're not sure about colors. It gives you more room to be creative instead of just tapping and filling (though you can do that if you want). ![]() You can turn the ASMR off in settings.Īnother thing I liked was the option to stay in the lines and add more color for shading and effects. If you choose the spray paint tool, you'll hear a ball bearing rattling like it would if you shook a paint can. Users can draw or paint using 10 different colors, 4 different brush widths, and an eraser. For example, if you do digital painting with the paint brush, you'll hear quiet brush sounds. Tech-savvy creatives have plenty drawing apps furthermore art apps available, even for free. This is a basic sketching and drawing application. 14 Shapes Each shape can customized using slider options in the UI. Use the line and path tools to trace images are create detailed line art. Decorate your artwork using hundreds of high quality stamps. ![]() The app's audio element is particularly cool. Sketchpad Features 18 Brushes Create cool strokes with the Tile, Mirror, Crayon, and Calligraphy brushes. ![]()
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![]() It is a small size pistol crossbow with a self-cocking system that aims to have great shots. It is always good to wax the strings and tightens the screws for prolonging its life This durable pistol c omes with a limited time warranty and lifetime technical support. When cocked, the safety i s automatically turned on for better and safe hunting experience. However, a remarkable feature of the King’s Archery crossbow is its safety. The assembling of a pistol crossbow is a tricky job as it generally requires two persons and an instruction manual to assemble. This impressive scope helps in taking precise shots from a distance easily. The attractive package comes with aluminum and PVC arrow bolts, caps, additional bowstring and extended-range scope. The fast reload time helps in making precise and accurate shots quickly. It has fiberglass bow limbs and a self-cocking system for speedy shooting. It can be conveniently used by young shooters under the supervision of adults. This beautifully designed fiberglass pistol crossbow is the lightest and most durable mini crossbow we have ever encountered. Their new pistol crossbow is one of a kind, with high accuracy and precision. KingsArchery is in the business of making top rated archery equipment for quite some time. It is easy to cock with a forearm grip that is easy to use and accurate with quality bolts and has red dot sight. The Bear X desire pistol crossbow is one of the most comfortable and easy to use weapons for hunters. This solid, durably constructed, easy to assemble crossbow has a limited warranty and excellent customer service. The ambidextrous safety lock is also included in the package, which prevents accidental fire. This extended butt stock provides good leverage and balance to the hunter. The package comes with a rear sight, three bolts, strings and an extended butt stock. When the firing mode is on, you can easily cock it by holding the lever and bend it down until it snaps into place. This top of the line self-cocking pistol crossbow has a forearm grip for ease of use and safety. The commendable accuracy and precision makes it popular amongst hunters. and can hunt small animals with great speed and power. This light weight Bear X Desire crossbow has a draw weight of 70 lbs. It is a very comfortable hunting weapon, especially for beginners. Their Bear X Desire is a safe, compact and precise self-cocking Pistol Crossbow. In short it fires bolts with great accuracy and speed, it is an amazing hand held crossbow in a small price range for the hunters.ģ- Bear X Desire (Best Cheap Pistol Crossbow):īear archery is famous for making top end hunting bows since ages. Regular waxing of the strings makes the pistol easier to use and noticeably increases its life. ![]() This solid and durable mini crossbow lasts long if taken care of. It does not come pre-assembled, but the instruction manual is very helpful for assembling the pistol. The package comes with a p recise pre-installed red dot scope, three arrows and carrying bag for the crossbow. The self-cocking mechanism saves time and hassle of cocking the pistol again and again. It has a remarkable self-cocking mechanism and a cobra limb system. The lightweight and durable aluminum body of the Prophecy crossbow makes it durable and easy to carry around while hunting. It fires bolts at blazing speeds with a draw weight of 80 pounds.ĭespite its small size, this crossbow gun packs enough power to take on a small range game and is also ideal for target practice. Prophecy Pistol is one of the best crossbow, with a design inspired from Barnett Commando pistol. Check Latest Price on Amazon 2- Prophecy Pistol Crossbow (Cheap Mini Crossbow) ![]() ![]() ![]() Our experienced team takes care of every detail, from the initial design to the final finishing touches. We assemble each home onsite in accordance with the Caravans Act, ensuring that it meets all necessary regulations and requirements. When you purchase a mobile home from Log Cabin Mobile Homes, you can trust that it is built to the highest standards. You can choose from a range of layouts, styles, and finishes to create a home that truly reflects your personality and lifestyle. Each of our homes is bespoke and tailored to your individual needs and preferences. That’s why we offer competitive pricing without compromising on the quality of our homes.Īt Log Cabin Mobile Homes, we don’t believe in a one-size-fits-all approach. We understand that buying a mobile home can be a significant investment, and we want to make it as affordable as possible. One of the biggest advantages of choosing Log Cabin Mobile Homes is our low prices. Our commitment to quality, affordability, and customer satisfaction sets us apart from the competition. If you’re in the market for a transportable mobile home cabin in the UK, then look no further than Log Cabin Mobile Homes. Whether you’re looking for a permanent residence or a holiday home, a log cabin or mobile home log cabin made in the UK is a sound investment that is sure to provide many years of enjoyment. They are durable, customizable, and built to the highest standards of quality. In conclusion, log cabins and mobile home log cabins made in the UK offer a great way to enjoy the outdoors and provide a comfortable living space. They use traditional building methods and modern techniques to create a finished product that is both aesthetically pleasing and structurally sound. The cabins are built by skilled craftsmen who have years of experience in constructing log cabins. One of the main benefits of choosing UK-made log cabins and mobile home log cabins is the quality of the workmanship. They offer all the comforts of a conventional home, including heating, electricity, and plumbing, making them ideal for use as a permanent residence or as a holiday home. They can be fully customized to meet the homeowner’s specific requirements, and they are built to the same high standards as fixed log cabins. UK-made mobile home log cabins also come in a range of sizes and designs. They are an ideal option for those who want the freedom to move their home around, whether it’s to enjoy different views, follow work opportunities, or simply for a change of scenery. These cabins are built on a chassis, allowing them to be moved to different locations as required. Mobile home log cabins, on the other hand, offer the added benefit of portability. ![]() They can be fitted with electricity, heating, and plumbing to make them as comfortable and functional as any conventional home. These cabins can be used for a variety of purposes, including as a holiday home, a garden office, a guest room, or even as a rental property. Homeowners can choose from a range of designs, styles, and sizes to suit their needs and preferences. ![]() In addition to their durability, UK-made log cabins are also customizable. This makes UK-made log cabins last for decades, providing a sound investment for homeowners. The timber used to construct them is carefully selected for its strength and durability, and it is treated to resist moisture, insects, and decay. These cabins are designed and built to withstand the harsh British weather conditions. One of the biggest advantages of UK-made log cabins is their durability. In this article, we will discuss the benefits of log cabins and mobile home log cabins made in the UK. They offer a great way to enjoy the great outdoors and provide a comfortable living space for those who want to escape from the hustle and bustle of city life. Log cabins and mobile home log cabins are increasingly popular in the UK. ![]() ![]() Why Use an Invoice Template for Google Docs?.How to Create an Invoice in Google Docs?.Its user-friendly invoice generator also contains as many tools as is needed to develop your desired invoice. The amazing invoice template hub has a lot of google docs invoice templates that can be edited by users. Should you need a template, WeInvoice has got you covered. The latter is even easier to use because it has the proper layout and is well formatted to contain as much information as you need. Google Docs is a simple-to-use and open access software for developing invoices from the scratch as well as editing already prepared templates. ![]() Enter the client’s email address in the field that pops up to send the invoice. The sharing options allows you to specify who can see the invoice. Then click the “Share" button at the top right corner and choose one of the available sharing options. Go through the invoice once again to confirm that all the entries are correct and that the invoice is for the client you are sharing it with. ![]() To use Google Drive’s sharing feature, log into your Google account and look for the invoice you want to send. Another easy way of doing this is sending through Google Drive. Once that is done, you may choose to download, print and send it by snail-mail or download it and send through email. However, if you are managing multiple invoices at once, it may be best to try out an invoice software like WeInvoice’s to stay on top of the situation. Once the editable fields have been filled, unnecessary field entries are deleted and the invoice completely customized to suit the business needs, it should now be sent to the concerned client.įor a one-time payment, the basic system of sharing documents may suffice. Payment terms and acceptable payment methods.Cost per unit product (goods), hourly rate or fixed rate (services).Itemized products delivered or services rendered.Client name, billable contact address, email address and phone number.Business name, phone number, contact address, email address.Business logo and other branding portfolio.A unique invoice number assigned to the invoice sheet.Here are some of the important features of every google docs invoice: The fields should also be preformatted to contain the essentials of a standard invoice. Typically, the fields contained in a blank Google Docs Invoice Template should be editable. What Should Be Included on a Google Docs Invoice? Then, save changes to the document and file properly.Once listed, the client is bound to honour the invoice. Enter the payment due date, a date before or on which the client is expected to make payment for the goods and services rendered.Write out the total amount owed in clear, bold font.Also, list out the acceptable payment methods Include the payment terms and conditions, discounts and taxes.Also list out the goods and services rendered, quantity of goods/billable hours, price of one product unit/hourly rate or fixed rate and subtotal for each item.Write out a brief description of the goods delivered and services rendered.Note that this information should be that of the business client and not that of its representative you may be directly dealing with Enter the client’s name, business name, billable company address, phone number, and email address.Insert a unique invoice number on the invoice template generated using the sequential invoice numbering system.For instance, an invoice issued on December, 05, 2020 to Miss Ann should be named Ann Invoice | 05-12-2020 A recommended naming format is “(client business name) Invoice | (Date)”. Save the document copy using an arranged system of naming.After saving the Google Docs Invoice Template, head to “File" on Google Docs, select it and click on “Make a copy" to make a copy for a client.This information can be saved on the default template since they are permanent information. It should also contain the business’ logo and branding portfolio. The header section should contain the business name, email address, contact address and phone number. Fill in the blank editable fields starting from the header section.Once downloaded, you can begin to customize.Surf through the gallery of invoice templates available, choose a simple free Google Docs Invoice Template that suits your line of business and download for free. To begin with, head to well-organized invoice template hubs like WeInvoice. ![]() Speaking of structuring properly, here’s a detailed guideline of how to create an invoice from a blank Google Docs Invoice Template. If structured properly, an invoice speaks volumes to the clients highlighting the business management’s professionalism and willingness to satisfy their client billing needs. Invoices are an asset to every business because they are a subtle representation of the business’ values and style. ![]() ![]() On my new laptop ASUS intel core 2 duo 2.2ghz, 4gb ram, windows 7, it runs semi smoothly with flames on, but its better with them off. Uh thats because phenom is really really rich, and by being rich that means he has a super duper computer/laptop to run it. ![]() I can post a link if someone cant find if. If you se at one of guitarphenom gh custom videos (one that he has the flames on!) you can se that the flames are popping up at the right time and the game is running propely. The stuff i've achieved in GH3PC without flames is amazing, and yet i can't pass ttfaf on 360. Lol it sounds like some cheesy movie "believe in yourself". Especially in a intense hammer on solo, u will just let ur hand move without thinking and achieve more than u thought possible. When u don't know that ur going to drop a note, u will sort of believe in your own ability to hit the notes instead of worrying that ur gonna drop a note. This may seem like it would make u play worse but it's kind of the opposite. With the flames it's easy to know if u've dropped a note, but without flames u can't really tell. Playing without flames may seem wierd at first, but seriously it makes u better at the game imo. Help people find missing charts with the Chart Recovery Movement I can't run it at a viable framerate without it forced off and the lack of flames makes me play better. Many (including myself) can play fine without it and it actually makes the game playable. There's no such thing as 'unsupported GFX' card, but no. It should NEVER be off for games that need time based input. The only thing I want to know is dose the xbox 360 version has the same problem? I have the same problem,I got a ATI card.It seems that is game's problem. Maybe the graphics card does not support GH?Īny tips on any software i can innstall or change to get GH to work properly on my pc? (without lagg like it is ment to do!!!)ĭisable vertical sync and lock the fps to 60? It has also 0ms lagg when i play stepmania. When the game is running 60 fsp it is around 50ms lagg (calibrated) and the flames are "popping up" late.īut when i disable vertical sync it is 0ms lagg! If you are getting 50 MS of lag you should be able to calibrate it in the menus, 300 is slightly worse but can be fixed by editing the lag variables in the files of the game folder. It's hard to tell what your problem is: the flame glitch is a result of the game running at more than 60 FPS, it's not supposed to and you should probably lock it somehow (bad programming, yeah). ![]() ![]() Is the any way to get 0 ms inn lagg with the flames?Īnyone else have this problem with nvida graphics? When i use advanced 3d settings and disable vertical sync, it is no lag at all! But vierd to play without flames. The settings in nvida controlpanel is set at: Let the 3D application decide. I have calibrated it but it is verry anoying when the flames are comming up like 300ms after i have hit the note! Is runs gh 3 pretty smooth, 60 fps with everyting set on high. Posted: Tue 3:57 pm Post subject: Huge lagg on guitar hero 3 pc! 50 ms! Nvida graphics? NVIDIA GEFORCE GO 7600 (XP Only), NVIDIA GEFORCE GO 7800, NVIDIA GEFORCE GO 7900, NVIDIA GEFORCE GO 8400, NVIDIA GEFORCE GO 8600, NVIDIA GEFORCE GO 8700 Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock Download Linkįile size: 3.Huge lagg on guitar hero 3 pc! 50 ms! Nvida graphics? The Nvidia Geforce 84 cards have known issues on Vista machines with AMD CPUs. This product does not support Windows 98/ME/2000/NT/XP 圆4/Vista 圆4.ĪTI RADEON X800, ATI RADEON X1600, ATI RADEON X1800, ATI RADEON X1900, ATI RADEON X1950, ATI RADEON HD 2400, ATI RADEON HD 2600, NVIDIA GEFORCE 7600, NVIDIA GEFORCE 7800, NVIDIA GEFORCE 7900, NVIDIA GEFORCE 8400, NVIDIA GEFORCE 8500, NVIDIA GEFORCE 8800 Video Card: GeForce 8800 GT / Radeon HD 2600.Processor: Intel Core 2 DUO 2.4 GHz / AMD Athlon Dual Core 4400+.Video Card: GeForce 7600 / ATI Radeon X800.Processor: Intel Pentium D 2.8 GHz / AMD Athlon 64 3500+.Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock System Requirements Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock Game ScreenShots Aspyr Media developed the PC and Mac versions of the game, releasing them later in 2007. ![]() Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock was released worldwide for the PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, Wii and Xbox 360 in October 2007, with Budcat Creations and Vicarious Visions assisting in the PlayStation 2 and Wii ports, respectively. The game was published by Activision and RedOctane, and is the first game in the series developed by Neversoft, after the acquisition of Activision and RedOctane buy MTV Games of Harmonix Music Systems, the previous development studio for the series. Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock is a music game, the third main installment of the series Guitar Hero, and fourth overall title. ![]() ![]() ![]() Years ago, after a time of fasting and prayer, Elizabeth Paige felt very clear that God was calling her to somehow start a Christian school, where people could learn about God and be trained to teach others. I believe God birthed this school and is using it greatly in the lives of thousands of students around the world. “I am writing this letter to heartily endorse In His Hands International Bible College. I will continue to enroll in courses and enrich my knowledge of the Kingdom of God.įor, it is good to learn about God's constitution, His rule, and His Kingdom, because I AM A CITIZEN/AMBASSADOR OF THE KING. God bless you creating this website and providing free courses. This course helped me build my confidence in our Lord. Particularly I have learnt to give slowly now, realizing giving in the Kingdom of God brings blessing to me. I am His child and I know He will bring me out of hardest situations as His phone line is always clear to hear my voice. I want to honor Him now with my life, days, time, hours. I still see mountains before me to climb over, but now I believe I have a God who could move mountains, make a way through the ocean, and help me walk through fire. I also realize I need to water, and preserve this precious garden of mine, take care of the weeds, and God will continually bless me. ![]() it is like cleaning up a messy place and starting a new garden. ![]() “This is really encouraging and challenging because the ways of the world are so ingrained over the years, and I feel like I am starting my life newly now rearranging priorities, rebooking into my life, demolishing old way of habits and thinking. ![]() ![]() ![]() I sure will be forthright with what I love and hate about each site and by Jove, no punches will be pulled, or my name is not ThePornGuy, whose favorite weapon of warfare delights in nothing more than pumping out explosive cum shots! What Kind Of Chinese XXX Will We See Here? Some of these top Chinese porn sites gonna be so great-looking and content-packed that all you have to do to make your girl cream her panties is to show her the site on mobile! Other Chinese porn web sites get the job done but are nothing special. And I better not mention Alina Li, because merely saying the name of that chick aloud is all the excuse the gods need to give you priapism! Putting a cock with that kind of condition into a live and breathing snatch is a sure way to kill the owner and end up in Supermax on first-degree murder charges!įine Chinese sluts apart, the Chinese porn category section here lists the best and the worst of every Chinese porn site I will run across in my life and y'all know better than to expect me to do a shoddy job of looking up the skirt of them real Chinese porn sites. These pro sluts include the busty and sweetly nasty Jade Feng, the slim, tight, and pert Kobe Tai, the bootylicious Katana, and the beautifully ravishing Jace Kush. I know what you fuckers want for sure and that is to find free and real Chinese porn sites where you can download all the free stuff you need to keep your right hands busy for years! Y’all wanna masturbate to hairy Chinese chicks who love to dress up in schoolgirl outfits and act like they just came home from school and stumbled on their stepbro fucking the washing machine or something, right? It’s usually more fun if the chicks doing this kind of cosplay/roleplay are amateurs, but that does not mean professional Chinese sluts aren’t worth their weight in gold, because they sure are. But most are in the main so small and cute you could take them for 14-year-old teens who simply have a medical condition that makes them spread their legs with a will whenever they see a fella with a hard-on and a steely look in his eyes that shows he’s not gonna rest until a pussy has been pounded to mush and impaled so furiously it would shrilly scream for mercy if it could!! ![]() Of course, some Chinese chicks have taken to pumping silicone in them booties and boobies. In case you fuckers need reminding, Chinese sluts are of the petite and cute kind, not the big-boned and big-booty babes that most of you might be used to. Well, y’all are here because there’s something about Chinese smut that doing without would make life too colorless to be worth living, right? Then for sure y’all came to the right place and can set your aching right hands on my windowsill and thank the good Lord that I got enough top Chinese XXX sites in this Chinese porn site list to make the CCP dispatch a hit squad that's tasked with taking my head and my one-eyed staff of office! I actually wouldn’t say I know everything that has to do with porn, pussy, booty, and greedy gullets dying for dick, but for sure I know an awful lot and have been around since Adam and Eve were boning the dinosaurs and doing threesomes with anacondas and other snakes in the garden of Eden! And nothing makes me feel better than putting my diverse knowledge to good use so that my fans and readers can have a fantastic wanking time and boast penises that are so healthy they could break off and go hoppity hop whenever a rap song comes on the radio! If I The Porn Guy can’t help y’all out when it comes to porn sites and right-handed cumming entertainment, then no one else can! And y’all can take that statement to the bank and use it to convince the bank manager into having his wife bend over and see how long her asshole can stand up to stone-cold cock killers who are into drawing overdrafts of the kind that makes snatches and bootyholes shiver and shimmer with jism! ![]() ![]() ![]() Lastly, on very rare occasions, two pieces of the same type can both move to the same square AND they are already on the same file. If the knight on f3 moves to d2, this move would be notated as "Nfd2," while if the knight on b1 moves to d2, it would be notated as "Nbd2." Both knights can move to d2. In the position below, both white knights can move to the d2-square. In this case, you still write the piece abbreviation, but you then add the file that the piece is on before you write the square. If White wins, then it is notated as "1-0." If Black wins, it is notated as "0-1," while a draw is notated as "1/2-1/2."įinally, a few special cases for algebraic notation: In some positions, two of the same piece (such as two knights) can be moved to the same square. ![]() g4 Qh4#.Īfter a game is over, the result also has special notation. Checkmate is notated with a "#" at the end of the move. In the following position, White has just played Bb5+: Check is written with a "+" at the end of the move. When a king is attacked or threatened, it is known as check, which is notated as "+" at the end of the move. If Black recaptures with the b-pawn, then it would be read as "bxc6," while if Black recaptures with the d-pawn, then it would be "dxc6." You can see the position after dxc6 below: Black recaptures the bishop with dxc.Ĭastling kingside is recorded as "0-0," while castling queenside is "0-0-0." The number of zeros indicates how many squares the rook has moved. If we continue from the position above, you can see that Black can recapture the bishop on c6 with the pawn on b7 or the pawn on d7. When a pawn captures a piece, you write the name of the file (in lower case) that the pawn is on, followed by a lower-case "x" and then the file where the pawn moves. This move is notated as "Bxc6." White has just played Bxc6. In the following position, White's bishop has just captured the knight on c6. When any piece is captured, a lower-case "x" is placed in between the piece and the square where the capture occurs. Captures, castling, check, checkmate and the result of the game all have special symbols. Some moves in chess cannot be written in algebraic notation using the normal method described above. Nf3." Special Cases In Algebraic Notation Since this is the second move of the game, we start with "2." Because the piece moved is a knight, we use the abbreviation "N," and since the square moved to is f3, we have all of the information we need! This move would be read or notated as "2. How would this move be notated? How would our second move be notated? e4-it is that easy! Continuing with this example, let's say that we have placed our knight on the f3-square for the second move. Since it is the first move, algebraic notation dictates that we would start with "1." Then we would find the square where the pawn moved. How would this move be notated? How would this move be notated? Pretend that you have the white pieces and have just made your first move of the game by moving your king's pawn up two squares. If a pawn is moved, you see only the name of the square where the pawn moves. The pawn is the only piece that has no abbreviation. The king is abbreviated by the letter "K," the queen is abbreviated by the letter "Q," the rook is abbreviated by the letter "R," and the bishop is abbreviated by the letter "B." The knight, a special case, is abbreviated by the letter "N" since "K" is already taken by the king. When referencing a piece, the abbreviation is always capitalized. To learn more about the names of squares, please refer to this article. Essentially, algebraic notation shows you the move number, the name of the piece that is moved and then the square where the piece moves. Each piece has an abbreviation (which we will cover below), while every square on the chessboard has its own name. Knowing that your games are being recorded for you is a good feeling, but you should still know how to read chess notation-algebraic notation! How Do You Read Algebraic Notation?Īlgebraic notation sounds like a fancy term, but it is much simpler than it appears. Your moves are automatically recorded and displayed when you play on ! Physically writing down the moves of a game is required in many over the board tournaments, but on the moves are recorded for you! When playing a game on, the moves of the game are displayed live as you and your opponent make them. Over the years various methods and ways have been used to record the moves, but they have all disappeared except for the current standard for chess notation: algebraic notation. Here is what you need to know about chess notation:Ĭhess notation is the act of recording or writing down the moves of a chess game. Chess notation sounds complicated, but so does algebraic notation! What do these terms mean? Let's find out! ![]() ![]() ![]() The upright posture is acquired by the enlargement and verticalization of the pelvis (Fig. There is a close relationship between the pelvis and the spine due to this bipedal position. Its spine is subject to subsequent constraints. Fundamentals of sagittal alignment of the human body in a static vertical positionĪ human being stands and moves in an environment subject to gravity. The chapter also aims to use the parameters and algorithms that allow global analysis to provide therapeutic solutions adapted to each case. The purpose of this chapter is to describe the morphologic criteria that can be analysed to determine static sagittal alignment of the spine, and to then analyse the compensation phenomena which may be physiological or pathologic. ![]() If the centre of mass tends to project outside this polygon, the rebalancing efforts become much more important, as described by Dubousset in his concept of “efficiency cone” (Fig. The centre of mass should project as close as possible towards the centre of a reduced polygon situated between the two feet in a stable position and in an area of constant small rebalancing efforts. As will be seen, sagittal balance is not limited to the analysis of static curves, as it requires consideration of more or less efficient compensation phenomena occurring during walking but also in static conditions. Indeed, during gait, bipedal static balance is constantly thwarted by single-foot support while stepping and must be compensated by a muscular tolerance which tends to reestablish this balance by passing through short phases of instability. To understand the conditions necessary for such a balance, it is important to analyse matters both statically and dynamically. The hominids modified their profile by developing cervical curvature and lumbar lordosis to maintain a horizontal gaze and to free the upper limbs that are no longer carriers. Their centre of mass is projected at the centre of their support polygon which is located in front of the footprint of the hind legs. Their spine presents a single thoraco-lumbar curvature in kyphosis. Indeed, the great apes, unlike humans, move on all the four. The human species is characterized by bipedalism, which has the advantage of freeing the upper limbs for other tasks, but this is done at the cost of a more precarious overall balance. It is in this condition that the actions of the agonist and antagonistic muscles of the spine are minimized and therefore most efficient. īalance or equilibrium (from the Latin aequilibrium, from aequus “equal” and libra “balance, weight”) is a concept that describes a situation in which the forces present are equal, or such that none surpasses the sum of the others. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material. Integration of these parameters into the study of gait is an area still under investigation. Taking these parameters into account also enables us to understand the complications involved in this type of surgery: transitional syndromes or junctional syndromes. Global evaluation of the entire spine and the measurement of the aforementioned parameters allow to determine the extent of the correction to be performed during surgery. Understanding these different data allows for better planning of the surgical management of the patients. Ageing makes it possible to show compensation mechanisms at three levels: spinal, pelvic and lower limbs. The relationship between these different parameters was analysed, and Roussouly proposed his classification of the different spine shape. The average values of these parameters are reported with the new 3D measurements by Le Huec et al. The OD-HA (odontoid hip axis) angle is the most efficient parameter to analyse the global balance. At the thoracic and lumbar level, they are, respectively, kyphosis and lordosis. The cervical parameters are the upper (O–C2) and lower cervical curvatures (C2–C7), the C7 slope, the spino-cranial angle and the vertical cervical offset. The pelvic incidence is constant, and the sacral slope and the pelvic tilt are positional. This analysis involves the study of parameters which are now well defined. During gait, this balance is constantly thwarted by single-foot support. The static sagittal balance of the normal spine is a physiological alignment of the spine in the most efficient manner by the muscular forces. ![]() ![]() Three different schools of thought Vaisesika, Jainist, and Buddhist came to similar but slightly different conclusions.Īnother Indian philosopher, Pakudha Katyayana who lived around the 5th or 4th century B.C. and was a contemporary of Gautama Buddha, had also propounded ideas about the atomic constitution of the material world.īetween the 5th and 3rd centuries BC, the atom is mentioned in the Bhagavad Gita (Chapter 8, Verse 9) Reference to matter consisting of atoms appear also in Jainism School and Buddhist School. He wrote a book on his research “ Vaisheshik Darshan“. People started calling him “ Acharya” – mean Teacher and became known as “ The Father of Atomic theory.” Kanad founded the Vaisheshika school of philosophy where he taught his ideas about the atom and the nature of the universe. ![]() Kanad also put forward the idea that atoms could be combined in various ways to produce chemical changes in presence of other factors such as heat. ![]() Kanad further held that atoms of same substance combined with each other to produce dvyanuka ( biatomic molecules) and tryanuka ( triatomic molecules). He called that indivisible matter Parmanu (atom). From this moment, Kanad conceptualized the idea of a particle that could not be divided any further. This theory occurred to him while Kanad was walking with food in his hand, breaking it into small pieces when he realised that he was unable to divide the food into any further parts, it was too small. When matter is divided and subdivided, we reach a stage beyond which no division is possible, the indivisible element of matter is Parmanu (Atom). Kanad explained that this indivisible, indestructible atom cannot be sensed through any human organ. According to the material universe is made up of Parmanu (Atoms). Kanad was the first person in the world to discuss atoms and molecules. It was Kanad who first propounded that the Parmanu (Atoms) was an indestructible particle of matter. He told them that individual grains in themselves may seem worthless, but a collection of some hundred grains make up a person’s meal, the collection many meals would feed an entire family and ultimately the entire mankind was made of many families, thus even a single grain of rice was as important as all the valuable riches in this world. Since then people started calling him Kanad, as “ Kan” in Sanskrit means “ Smallest particle“. Crowd gathered around him & one person asked him why was he collecting the grains even beggars wouldn’t like to touch these. Everybody thought he was insane as he was from a good family. He started collecting the grains of rice. He was a son of a weaver, he joined his older brother, Jonathan at age 15 in running a Quaker school in nearby Kendal.Once he went on a pilgrimage, he saw thousands of pilgrims littered the town roads & the banks of river Ganga with flowers and rice grains which they offered at the temple. John Dalton was from a Quaker family at Eaglesfield in England, born on September 06, 1766. On July 27, 1844, Dalton, fell from his bed and was found lifeless by his assistant. He suffered a minor stroke in 1837 a second one in 1838 left him with a speech impediment, though he still was able to carry on with his experiments. He lived for more than a quarter of a century with his friend the Rev. The damaged papers are now in the John Rylands Library having been deposited in the university library by the Society.ĭalton never married and had only a few close friends. Much of Dalton's collected work was damaged during the bombing of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society on 24 December 1940. A second work by Dalton "Elements of English Grammar" was published in 1801. Until 1800, he had also worked as a teacher of mathematics and natural philosophy at the "New College" in Manchester, a dissenting academy. He worked for the development of modern Atomic Theory, Gas Law, and his research on colour blindness. Before he had propounded the Atomic Theory, he had already attained a significant status. ![]() John Dalton grew up to be an English chemist, meteorologist and physicist. ![]() For all latest news, follow The Daily Star's Google News channel. ![]() |
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